Interior paint: from selection to application

Water- based paint is formulated differently than solvent-based, and so they behave differently under moist and dry conditions. Such differences are used to determine which type of paint is best suited to a particular job. The following chart presents the main advantages between these two types of paint.

In general, water-based paints are more user-friendly than their solvent-based counterparts. However, there are certain applications where the benefits of the finished application outweigh the hassle of dealing with oil-based paints.

If the surface is already painted, you must check to see if the previous coating was water- or solvent-based.

Here are two simple ways to find out:

If you are still unsure, apply a base coat before the finishing coat.

It should be noted that water-based (latex) paints will not adhere to oil-based paints. Oil-based paints can, however, be applied over water-based paints. Always read the manufacturer's recommendations for specific product details.

Best uses

Works great on drywall, primed wood, and previously painted or primed surfaces

Appearance is a general term used to express the percentage of light reflected by the film in a paint or varnish. Other terms like “finish” or “luster” or “sheen” are also used to designate the appearance of such products. We typically distinguish between the following kinds of finishes: lustrous, glossy, semi-glossy, pearly, melamine, platinum, velvety, satiny or eggshell, and flat.

Not only does the type of appearance determine how much light is reflected, it also determines product toughness.

Glossy products last longer and can withstand moisture better, because they contain more resin. Resins harden in the coating film once the liquid evaporates. This is why glossy products are recommended for kitchens and bathrooms. They are easy to clean and better resist rubbing and repeated washing. However, they require a very smooth base because they will reveal surface flaws.

On the other end of the spectrum, flat products easily retain dirt and are not as resistant to moisture because they are more porous. They allow microorganisms to form when they retain moisture. However, they do an excellent job of concealing surface imperfections and brush strokes. They are thus recommended for walls and ceilings requiring little washing, as well as less busy parts of the house.

Choice of finishes ultimately depends on how a room is used.

The following table outlines the recommended finishes for walls and ceilings in various types of rooms. Also indicated is the percentage of light reflected for each type of finish.

Use a primer if necessary, however, before applying it, ensure proper ventilation in the area you will be painting, especially if using oil-based paint.

If you are painting a room, follow these steps: